Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) is a synthetic rubber composed of copolymers of acrylonitrile and butadiene monomers. It possesses excellent oil resistance, especially to aliphatic hydrocarbon oils, high abrasion resistance, good airtightness, relatively good heat resistance, strong adhesive properties, and good resistance to aging. On the downside, it exhibits poor low-temperature resistance, limited ozone resistance, poor insulation properties, slightly lower elasticity, and is not suitable for insulation materials. Commercial production of NBR began in Germany in 1937.
While the chemical and physical properties of NBR vary with the change in the cyanide group content within the polymer, it consistently maintains characteristics of resistance to fats, gasoline, and other solvent dissolution and corrosion. Higher cyanide group content in the polymer results in stronger corrosion resistance but poorer elasticity.
NBR is utilized in the manufacturing of conveyance hoses for oil products and flame-retardant conveyor belts. It is also employed in the automotive industry for sealing components, as well as oil-resistant gaskets, seals, sleeves, flexible packaging, hoses, printing and dyeing rollers, cable materials, and protective gloves in the nuclear industry. NBR demonstrates strong adaptability to temperature, allowing it to function normally within the range of -40 to 108°C, making it widely used in the aerospace industry. Furthermore, NBR can be cast into various products.
Its high elasticity makes NBR an ideal material for producing disposable laboratory gloves. NBR also surpasses natural rubber in its resistance to the corrosion caused by oils and acids. Although its elasticity and strength are lower than natural rubber, NBR's corrosion resistance is several times stronger.
NBR can achieve an elongation rate of up to 300% and a tensile strength greater than 10N/mm². It exhibits good resistance to mineral oils, vegetable oils, benzene, gasoline, mild acids, and alkalis. However, NBR lip-type seals should not be used under conditions exceeding 80°C, as its stability in solvents decreases at this temperature.
NBR finds applications in manufacturing disposable medical gloves, conveyor belts, hoses, O-rings, gaskets, oil seal products, V-belts, synthetic leather, printing rollers, and cable sheathing. It is also used in adhesive production.
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